Lucene supports escaping special characters that are used in query syntax. The current list of special characters is:
+ - && || ! ( ) { } [ ] ^ " ~ * ? : \
+ and - inside single terms are automatically treated as common characters.
For other instances of these characters use the \ before each special character you'd like to escape. For example to search for (1+1):2 use the query:
\(1\+1\)\:2